Large Language Models

SafetyPrompts: a Systematic Review of Open Datasets for Evaluating and Improving Large Language Model Safety

The last two years have seen a rapid growth in concerns around the safety of large language models (LLMs). Researchers and practitioners have met these concerns by introducing an abundance of new datasets for evaluating and improving LLM safety. …

Angry Men, Sad Women: Large Language Models Reflect Gendered Stereotypes in Emotion Attribution

Large language models (LLMs) reflect societal norms and biases, especially about gender. While societal biases and stereotypes have been extensively researched in various NLP applications, there is a surprising gap for emotion analysis. However, …

Classist Tools: Social Class Correlates with Performance in NLP

Since the foundational work of William Labov on the social stratification of language (Labov, 1964), linguistics has made concentrated efforts to explore the links between sociodemographic characteristics and language production and perception. But …

The Empty Signifier Problem: Towards Clearer Paradigms for Operationalising 'Alignment' in Large Language Models

In this paper, we address the concept of 'alignment' in large language models (LLMs) through the lens of post-structuralist socio-political theory, specifically examining its parallels to empty signifiers. To establish a shared vocabulary around how …

SimpleSafetyTests: a Test Suite for Identifying Critical Safety Risks in Large Language Models

The past year has seen rapid acceleration in the development of large language models (LLMs). For many tasks, there is now a wide range of open-source and open-access LLMs that are viable alternatives to proprietary models like ChatGPT. Without …

The Past, Present and Better Future of Feedback Learning in Large Language Models for Subjective Human Preferences and Values

Human feedback is increasingly used to steer the behaviours of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, it is unclear how to collect and incorporate feedback in a way that is efficient, effective and unbiased, especially for highly subjective human …